Tag Archives: whiplash

Whiplash is a common neck injury caused by a sudden and forceful back-and-forth motion of the head. We often see this in patients who go through a car accident, contact sports injuries (AFL, rugby or even Soccer), or falls. While whiplash is usually not life-threatening, we now know that it can cause persistent pain and discomfort, affecting daily activities. Therefore, it is important to understand its symptoms, causes, and the best exercises for recovery, which can help individuals manage and overcome this condition effectively. Common Causes of Whiplash Whiplash is a term used to describe a fast rocking motion of the cervical area and is most frequently caused by: Car accidents: Rear-end collisions are the leading cause, as the sudden force propels the head forward and backward. Sports injuries: Contact sports like football, boxing, or hockey but even AFL, Rugby or even Soccer increase the risk of whiplash injuries. Falls: Slipping and falling can cause the head to jerk suddenly, leading to whiplash. Physical assaults: Blows to the head or sudden jolts, such as those experienced in shaken baby syndrome, can result in whiplash. What are the consequences of Whiplash for the cervical ligaments? The consequences of whiplash for the cervical ligaments can be significant, leading to long-term instability and chronic pain. When the ligaments are overstretched or torn, they lose their ability to support the cervical spine, resulting in properly: Reduced Stability: Weakened ligaments can no longer provide adequate support to the cervical vertebrae, leading to excessive movement and an increased risk of further injury. That’s why stretching is not recommended either. Chronic Pain and Stiffness: Persistent discomfort may arise as the muscles attempt to compensate for the lack of ligament support. Increased Risk of Degeneration: Ligament damage can accelerate wear and tear on the cervical joints, potentially leading to conditions such as osteoarthritis. Neurological Symptoms: Instability in the cervical spine may irritate or compress nerves, leading to headaches, dizziness, or numbness in the arms. Symptoms of Whiplash Whiplash symptoms can range from mild discomfort to severe pain, and they often appear within hours or days of the injury. Common symptoms include: Neck pain and stiffness: One of the most prevalent symptoms, often worsening with movement. Headaches: Typically originating from the base of the skull and radiating toward the forehead. Shoulder and upper back pain: The impact can cause muscle strain in surrounding areas. Reduced range of motion: Difficulty moving the neck due to stiffness and discomfort. Dizziness and fatigue: A common reaction as the body copes with the injury. Tingling or numbness in the arms: Nerve involvement may lead to sensations of pins and needles. Cognitive issues: Some people experience memory problems, difficulty concentrating, and irritability. Those symptoms may not present all at once, and they can belong to other presentations, while whiplash did or didn’t happen anytime before. That’s why when we go through a clinical history taking, as Myotherapist, we take our time to dig into your past and your body habits, as this can give us important information about your current presentation and what we can do to improve it. Why Can Whiplash Become a Lifelong Issue? In some cases, whiplash can become a chronic condition due to the instability of cervical ligaments. Cervical vertebrae can be divided into two parts, Mobile and Stable joints. C1 to C2 are the mobile ones, whereas C3 to C7 are the stable ones. Now, if along a whiplash incident, the ligaments of either the mobile or, most luckily, the stable side get strained, the muscles surrounding that segment of the joint would have to work harder to maintain stability. This would lead to to ongoing discomfort, reduced mobility due to pain and muscle spasms, and increased vulnerability to future injuries. If left untreated or managed improperly, this is how the condition can become chronic and lead to other injuries along the way. Importance of Thoracic Mobility Thoracic mobility plays a crucial role in preventing the chain effect of mobility and stability issues between the thoracic spine, lower cervical, and upper cervical regions. If the thoracic spine is stiff or restricted, the lower and upper cervical spine must compensate, leading to increased strain and pain. Improving thoracic mobility through targeted exercises can help reduce this compensatory stress, allowing for better neck function and reducing the risk of chronic discomfort. In a case of a previous history of whiplash, maintaining good thoracic mobility would allow the cervical area to focus on its duties, so stability for the lower portion and mobility for the upper. Reducing the risk of overcompensation and muscle fatigue. Effective Exercises for Whiplash Recovery A structured exercise program is essential for whiplash recovery. This program should begin with isometric exercises to restore basic cervical movement, progress to concentric exercises to rebuild strength, and eventually include thoracic mobility drills to enhance overall spinal function. Phase 1: Isometric Exercises for Early Recovery. For the first 2 weeks post-injury,  5 to 7 days a week. Isometric exercises help activate muscles without excessive movement, providing a stable foundation for recovery. This step is essential to start driving more blood to the area irritated by the whiplash and also allow the central nervous system to feel confident in perceiving the cervical structure moving without pain. Isometric Neck Holds: Place your hand on your forehead and gently press against it without moving your head. Push only 25% of your strength, as it has to be a pain-free exercise. Hold for 5-10 seconds and repeat 5 times. These exercises can be done in any cervical movement, such as extension, lateral flexion, or rotation, by using your hand as a resistance and pushing always at 25% of your strength. The strenght of push does not ever progress, what you will progress within isometric exercises are the time fram of push, repetitions and sets. Phase 2: Concentric Strengthening Exercises. From week 3 post-injury onwards,3 to 5 times a week. Once the pain subsides, which we would expect to happen in 2 weeks about it, gradual […]